The human Body System Essay

ii. Thermoregulation which regulates the body temperature which is mainly done by the skin and
iii. Chemical Regulation which includes glucoregulation that regulates the release of insulin and glucagon into the blood in response to rising and falling blood glucose levels. Other homeostatic processes involved in chemical regulation are increase in breathing rate in response to increases carbon dioxide levels in the blood, and release of carbon dioxide into exhaled air from lungs, secretion of erythropoietin by kidneys to stimulate formation of red blood cells. Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems involved are Pancreas (endocrine system), liver (digestive system), adrenal glands (endocrine system), lungs (respiratory system), brain (nervous system) and kidneys (urinary system).
Many homeostatic mechanisms keep the internal environment within certain limits or set points. When the cells in your body do not work within these limit correctly, homeostatic balance is disrupted. Homeostatic imbalance may lead to a state of disease. Disease and cellular malfunction can be caused in two basic ways by deficiency (cells not getting all they need) or toxicity (cells being poisoned by things they do not need). When homeostasis is interrupted in our cells, there are pathways in which our body can correct or worsen the problem, based on certain influences.
The human body, for example, maintains blood pH within the very narrow range of 7.35 to 7.45. A pH below this range is called acidosis and a pH above this range is alkalosis. Either condition can be life-threatening. One can live only a few hours with a blood pH below 7.0 or above 7.7, and a pH below 6.8 or above 8.0 is quickly fatal. Yet the body's metabolism constantly produces a variety of acidic waste products that challenge its ability to maintain pH in a safe range.
Body temperature also requires careful homeostatic control. On a spring or fall day in a temperate climate, the outdoor Fahrenheit temperature may range from the thirties or forties at night to the eighties in the afternoon (a range of perhaps 4 to 27 degrees Celsius). In spite of this environmental fluctuation, our core body temperature is normally 37.2 to 37.6 degrees Celsius (99.0 to 99.7 degrees Fahrenheit) and fluctuates by only 1 degree or so over the course of 24 hours. Indeed, if core body temperatures go below 33 degrees Celsius (91 degrees Fahrenheit) a person is likely to die of hypothermia, and if it goes above 42 degrees Celsius (108 degrees Fahrenheit), death from hyperthermia is likely.
Internal conditions are not absolutely stable but fluctuate within a a narrow range around an average called the set point. The set point for core body temperature, for example, 37.4 degrees Celsius, but the temperature fluctuates within about 0.5 degrees Celsius. Thus, it is more accurate to say the body maintains an internal dynamic equilibrium than it maintains absolute stability.
The human body system that plays an important role in homeostasis is the endocrine system because hormones secreted by these endocrine systems regulate the activity of body cells.